Synergistic Agriculture here is |

August 7

Synergistic Agriculture here is

The study synergistic agriculture, as agriculture naturally arises from the observation of processes natural, from the realization that it is necessary to maintain soil autonomous body can regenerate itself, making tn report the different elements so that they can be balanced and protected. It's a job that we all do, in order to be able to advise other farmers on the techniques to be adopted green manure, seeds, to design strategies, a production plant for sustainable ecological because it really, through the processes of ' autofertilità of the soil.

In agriculture, the plants are accused of absorbing the nutrients from the soil, but with 'it is possible that if in-kind plants create soil, agriculture destroy it?
The art of agriculture will be lost through the fault of teachers ignorant, shortsighted and unscientific that convince farmers to pin all their hopes in universal remedies that do not exist in nature. Following their advice, dazzled by ephemeral results, farmers forget the ground and lose sight of its intrinsic value and its influence, the real cause of the impoverishment of the soil is given by the way they manipulate to produce, thinking the "shape of the fruit" as the only element to be protected.

The natural farming, using the law of synergy, rejects the first law he believes in conventional agriculture, which says: if a given quantity of elements in a plant is grown and harvested, the same number of elements should be re- introduced into the soil. This principle does not take into account the ability of plants to synthesize and any necessary conversion factors. Valuable nutrients to the plants come from the sun, atmospheric gases and water for 95% of their volume, but is still charged at their loss of soil fertility which instead is determined as a result of his work. The plants take nitrogen from the soil only, trace elements and minerals, and an unstructured soil prevents it.
Unfortunately the idea of having to compensate for the loss of soil fertility continues to determine the calculations that are made to fertilize, to complement its organic matter.

This agriculture is necessary to practice felt first of all very strong empathy with the organization to the ground / soil. Achieving the extraordinary complexity of interrelation between the microscopic species of a wild land, means maintaining a balance of health in a soil is not worked this well is transferred to plants growing in her womb.

The discovery of Dr Alan Smith of the agricultural department of the New South Wales - Australia (a specialist in the field), is a complex pattern of relationships between plants, soil microorganisms and nutrients. In natural soils (unperturbed), these processes operate in a sound and effectively control the microbial activity, including that of the populations of pathogenic organisms. They also make assimilable the nutrients in the soil. In soils disturbed by plowing, cultivation treatment with nitrates and fertilizers, these processes have not and can not take place.
Although the plants have this unique ability to transform solar energy into chemical energy they use to grow, metabolize and reproduce, they also need other items that are incapable of producing directly. For example they need nitrogen, phosphorus-sulfur calcium magnesium, potassium and trace elements. Soil is a reservoir of these elements, but for an adequate supply, plants need to mobilize these elements by altering the soil around their roots. One way to do this is to stimulate the activity of microorganisms which then increase the mobilization of nutrients.
Alan Smith's studies show that as the crop no-till systems get so successful.
Masanobu Fukuoka, a Japanese microbiologist and farmer, in the '30s began to experience a new method of crop production. His trial has revolutionary significance because it lifted the plow and covers the ground with a "living mulch" cover during the crop growth.
Fukuoka has shown that agriculture, crop planning, can be carried out respecting the dynamics of living organisms that occur naturally in soil.
The plants on land and water form the base of the pyramid energy and support almost all other forms of life, so I am certainly able to develop and maintain organic matter and the communities of soil life.
Emilia's work consists mainly in adapting to our climate and our culture, Fukuoka identifies the principles for natural farming:

1. Fertilization of the soil through continuous organic permanent coverage.
2. Cultivation of annual crops in combination with complementary, with the integration of nitrogen-fixing trees.
3. Lack of plowing or any other type of disturbance of the soil: the soil you are working alone.
4. The land area to be so only if we avoid cause compaction.

We understand now, briefly, how these principles can be applied to the making of a garden of subsistence; further details can be found in archival documents.

PREPARATION OF THE SOIL
The first step is synergistic for agriculture soil preparation.

When we establish a cultivation system that happens to a system within an agricultural area, whether wild or cultivated plants, we must deconstruct the first to develop the second.
In a loose soil from previous crops or depleted by processes of lateralization is necessary, as well as cleaning up the soil from the roots of natural vegetation that occupies it, reactivate an evolutionary system with proper techniques.
One way to do this is potato cultivation under cover of cardboard and straw. This integrated system of cultivation and mulch helps maintain soil moisture and attracts earthworms, revitalizing the soil and preparing it for re-balancing process of self-fertility.

FORMATION OF PALLETS
After cleaning the ground begins preparing the vegetable that is digging and forming the beds and passages. It 's the last time that the soil will be removed, so it is necessary to clearly define what will be the places to pass and those areas where the soil is cultivated: the pallets.
In a large scale these pallets can be made with the plows, but hand fabrication is the most appropriate.
The pallets can be manufactured in different shapes and sizes, the important thing is to get to the center without the risk of trampling the lawn. If you think you may need to add organic material at the time of construction to offset the damage done by plowing. Even if the "forced feeding" the soil is normally to be avoided, when circumstances require it, consider adding well-aged manure, compost or other organic material.

IRRIGATION AND MULCHING
The best way to distribute the water tested and not spoil the plants is to install a drip irrigation system.
It is not necessary to purchase expensive systems, however, the irrigation system easier to work with the gravity: the water comes to the tubes from a tank placed at a higher level than the vegetable.
After you have sown and transplanted the soil is covered with a layer of mulch, straw ideal for pallets and sawdust to the steps.

GUARDIAN
In the majority of the pallets, can be installed arcs guardians permanent - also using iron rods, such as those used in the building - which make climbing plants.
Each plant is attached to the bow or warp in another wire from a taut string. The braces are also insured between them so as to form a network statically resistant.
This system works very well for tomatoes, cucumbers, etc. in seed plants. it lets the air pass through the leaves, thus reducing problems due to molds and fungi, and freeing up space at the bottom bearing the fruits off the ground, where they could be damaged by moisture or insects. In addition, legumes and pumpkin vines can take over the rods themselves, so they can be useful as a shade, when the hot summer sun no longer allows plants to grow salads and suffering high temperatures.
A further advantage of this system is that there is no danger that the wind knocking down all destroy the crop.

HEDGES AND NATURAL PROTECTION
We must also take account of a hedge-cutter around the garden, the varieties most suitable according to the climate and rainfall. We can plant trees and shrubs along with marigolds, nasturtiums, marigolds, castor oil, garlic, lemon verbena, tansy, lavender, basil etc. These plants have insecticidal, and the more there are, the better, because by their presence are beneficial to crops by protecting them from nematodes and other pests, and are also used for culinary and for the preparation of biological insecticides, to use if necessary.

The same logic can be applied to field crops.
How do you prefer a garden mulch dead (straw, leaves, sheep's wool, etc.) following the example of the woods, so for large areas using a living mulch as in nature occurs in the prairie.
The choice of crops and vegetation cover varies according to region, but the system is always the same.
For field crops, in areas of drought, it prepares the ground by establishing a permanent cover crop to plant nitrogen-fixing tools grows short, with maximum ground cover, drought-resistant and that remain alive during the dry season.
For starters, you sow the kind of coverage across the field, and this may take a plowing ... will be the last time you disturb the soil.
Once settled the vegetation, crops are sown and harvested without disturbing the soil.
The mono-cultural agricultural practices involving the simultaneous presence in the field of more than one species to collect.
If you want to cultivate a cereal, it will seed at a distance greater compared to conventional crops, to enable the sunlight from reaching the green cover. The latter must remain lush to protect soils from compaction and cracking, and also to release ammonia, which can be used by our culture.
You can plant along the row of grain legumes, in rotation. In the spaces left between the beds for the passage of cultivation, they can plant a row of cucurbits. Nitrogen-fixing trees however, are planted all around the field, contour hedgerows, about 5 m between them. Along with trees and shrubs that make up the hedge, you can plant the aromatic or other perennial as we have seen in the garden.

At harvest all plants must be cut at ground level, not eradicated. The soil needs to rotting roots. Allowing the roots to rot in the soil, it enriches the soil biomass, in addition to the generous amount of ammonium nitrogen left by bacteria that work in symbiosis with the roots of legumes.

The following year, without changing the arrangement of the beds of culture, moving the area sown to put the cereal in the spaces that were inter-read the previous year, cucurbits are left in the same row, but are planted in half, with the stalks of grain last year.
In this way, continuing to alternate areas of culture, the biomass varieremo radical left in the soil, and the residues left as mulch. If you want to completely change the type of crop in the field, just to determine distances for the cultivation of new crop, keeping in mind the needs of day light green cover, and the need for land to be occupied by different plant species.
In the spaces left between the beds of crop can also cultivate various herbs, for which they are not to be considered useless even if they do not get directly the harvest of the primary culture due to their presence, the quality and quantity of that harvest improves. Annual crops in these areas to protect the beds of the culture from compaction by machines, animals and humans, and their presence must be regarded as essential to the overall production.
The field is cultivated with this type of rotation year after year, without the fertility of the soil is exhausted, even improving quality. This applies to agricultural soils of any type.

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